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NITE rArEs LEoNoE- ALFRED GABRIEL MALLIAEY, or EssoNNEs, FRANCE.

CENTRIPETAL TU RBINE.

SPEGIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 575,256, dated January12, 1897.

Application filed June 2, 1896. Serial No. 593,981. (No model.) Patentedin France November 13,1894,No. 242,840 in Italy October 16, 1895, No.39,983/40,839; in Switzerland October 16, 1895, No.12,169,a11d inAustria March 12, 1896, No.

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Be it known that I, LONCE ALFRED GA- BRIEL MALLIARY, a citizen of theRepublic of France, residing in Essonnes, Department of Seine and Oise,France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in CentripetalTurbines, (for which I have obtained Letters Patent in France, No.242,840, dated November 13, 1894; in Italy, No. 39,983/ 40,839, datedOctober 16, 1895 in Switzerland, No. 12,169, dated October 16, 1895, andin Austria, No. etti/932, dated March 12,1S9G,) of which the followingis a specification.

It is well known that centripetal turbines possess the advantage ofrotatingwith a maximum of speed and a minimum of friction, which allowsthem to be worked by any available water-power and to acquire a greaterefiiciency than any other turbine. These advantages would make the useof a centripetal turbine preferable to others but for the serious defectof its efficiency only remaining constant when it works at full apertureand rapidly decreasing; when this aperture is reduced.

All systems of fans or vanes having for their object to alter thesection of the guides of the distributer without likewise altering to acorresponding degree the capacity of the buckets present certaindisadvantages by causing a deviation of the flow, the seriousness ofwhich is great, as it necessarily considerably reduces the efficiency ofthe turbine, because the relation between the constant section of thebuckets and the varying section of the distributer will be continuallyincreasing.

For a turbine to acquire a high efficiency, whatever be the number ofinlets, it is there fore necessary to construct it in such a manner thatthe capacity of the buckets should be always in a constant proportion tothe capacity of the distributer as well as to the volume of wateremployed, and that without in any way altering the arrangement of the inclined guides of the distributor and of the buckets, and thereforewithout changing the conditions of the water-iiow in these guides.Moreover, the capacity of the buckets ought to be variable at the sametime as that of the distributer by means of a simple and easilyoperatedmechanism.

By fulfilling these conditions l obtain a tur- ',as a guide ordistributer.

bine working always at a full aperture, although the head of waterreaching it may vary. The following is a description of the manner inwhich I obtain this result.

Referring to the accompanying sheet of drawings, Figure 1 is a sectionalelevation of a centripetal turbine constructed according to myinvention. Fig. 2 is a one-half plan of the same, and Fig. 3 is ahalf-section showing the guides and bucket.

Referring to the drawings, the turbine consists of a movable crown orbucket-wheel A, provided with or fixed to arms B, keyed on a shaft O andturning therewith within a suit able fixed crown D,which is arranged toserve The crown is pro vided with a series of radially-curved partitionsd, forming buckets, and the fixed crown or distributer D has a series ofradial partitions ag, forming the side walls of passageways leading tothe buckets.

Between crowns D and A an adjustable cyn lindrical shield Nslides, whichis attached to a cross-bar P by rods O, and which shield allows thewater entering the buckets to pass only thro ugh the space between itslower portion and the bottom plate of the guides D. This cylindricalshield N carries on its lower extremity projecting plates d',corresponding in number and shape to the openings of the distributor.The projecting plates d' are arranged to exactly fit these openings, andare curved and of a sufficient length to suitably direct the flow ofwater without in any way impeding the same.

An inverted cone E is provided on shaft C, capable of sliding verticallythereon. The exterior diameter of this cone E corresponds to theinterior diameter of the movable crown A, and its shape is also slightlyconcave, as shown on the drawings, so as to facilitate the the escape ofwater into the lower pond or lower casing and thereby avoid eddies. Itis provided with metal plates F, corresponding in number and shape toand fitting into the buckets, and is thus caused to rotate with therevolving crown A. These plates F project beyond the circumference ofcone E to an extent equal to d b, the depth of the buckets. It willtherefore be seen that when the lower part of the cylindrical shield Nis arranged IOO opposite the extremities of plates F it will make apartially-closed compartment which direct-s the iiow of water from thedistributer to shaft C and restricts the iow to the space or channelincluded between the plates F and CZ' and the bottom iiange of thedistributer.

Plates F, with cone E, may be moved vertically to the full depth of thecrown by means of rod or shaft IfI. This rod or shaft I-I is movable inthe tubular lower portion of the shaft C and supports cone E by means ofa cotter Gr, which can slide freely in longitudinal slots extendedoutward from the lower and hollow portion of the shaft C, said hollowportion extending downward from the arms B. The lower end of the shaftII is arranged to rcvolve within the center portion of cross-bar I, andthe bearing thus formed may be provid ed with lignum-vitae or metalwashers II. Immediately above the arms B is arranged a bearing e, withinwhich the shaft C revolves. This bearing is formed in the center of afixed plate or cover f, to the lower side of which is attached thedistributer D. The outer ends of cross-bar I are supported by verticalrods Il, passing through guides M and bolted or otherwise attached tothe upper cross-bar P. It will thus be seen that the cross-bars I P,with the connecting-rods L, form a rigid frame within which are situatedthe crowns A and D, cylindrical. shield N, and the greater portion ofthe remaining meehanism, which is thus rendered capable of easytransport. To cross-bar P are also attached racks Q Q, with which engagepinions R R, keyed or otherwise attached to a horizontal driving-shaftS, and behind these racks I place guide-rollers g.

Shaft S may be actuated by a crank, a handwheel or other suitabledevice, whereby the pinions R, engaging with the racks Q, will cause thecross-bar P to be raised or lowered and consequently the cone E andshield N will ascend or descend to a correspondin g degree.

Shaft C is further supported by a sleeve or washer T, attached theretoby a key or similar device U, and the position of T may be regulated bymeans of a nut V. The lower portion of T may be provided with ahardmetal or lignum-vitae bearing-piece X, and I may introduceball-bearings Y between this bearing-piece X and a second bearing-pieceZ, inserted in plate or cover c. This plate c sustains the shaft and theturbine and may be placed upon a timber or other supportingframe. It isalso provided with a bridge cl, furnished with bearings for centeringand retaining the turbine-shaft.

My improvements may be applied to either vertical or horizontalturbines, with or without a cistern or tank, but in the case ofhorizontal turbines ballbearings may be dispensed with.

What I claim isl. A centripetal turbine, comprising a bucket-wheelhaving water-passages, a cone provided with plates projecting out in thepassages of the said bucket-wheel, the said cone being adjustablevertically within said bucket-wheel and rotating therewith, adistributer encircling said bucket-wheel and having water-passagesarranged opposite those of the bucket-wheel, a shield having platesprojecting within the passages of the distributer and registering withthe plates carried by the said cone, and means for moving said cone andshield, whereby the plates carried thereby are adjusted in unison,substantially as specified.

2. A centripetal turbine, comprising a rotary shaft, a crown orbucket-wheel mounted to rotate therewith, a fixed distributersurrounding the bucket-wheel and having passages for directing water tothe buckets, a frame movable longitudinally of the shaft, a cylindricalshell supported from one end of said frame and having plates to engagein the passage-ways of the distributer, an inverted cone supported fromthe opposite end of the said frame and movable longitudinally on thesaid shaft, the said cone being provided with plates fitting in thebuckets of the said bucket-wheel and means for moving said framelongitudinally of the shaft, substantially as specified.

In a centripetal turbine, the combination with a rotary shaft having atubular end, of a crown or bucket-wheel mounted to rotate with saidshaft, a fixed distributer surrounding said bucket-wheel and havingpassages for directing water to the buckets, a frame movablelongitudinally on the rotary shaft, a cylindrical shell supported fromone end of said frame and having plates to engage the passage-ways ofthe distributer, a rod supported from the other end of said frame andmovable longitudinally in the tubular end of the said rotary shaft, acone mounted to slide on the rotary shaft and movable with the said rod,the said cone being provided with plates fitting into the buckets of thesaid bucketwheel, and means for moving the said frame longitudinally ofthe rotary shaft, substantially as shown and described.

4. A turbine, comprising the bucket-wheel having water-passages, thedistributer encircling the bucket-wheel and having waterpassages, acylinder fitting between said wheel and distributer and having platesprojecting outward within the passages of the distributer, a cone in thewheel provided with plates projecting out in the passages of said wheeland registering with the plates in the passages of the distributer, andmeans for adjusting said cone and cylinder, substantially as shown anddescribed.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

' LONCE ALFRED GABRIEL MALLIARY.

Witnesses:

CHARLES DoUY, CLYDE SHRoPsHIRE.

Iof

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